Izixhobo ze-arc eziphantsi kwamanzi zihlelwa ngokucwangciswa kwe-electrode kwiindidi ezimbini: ezo zinee-electrodes ezihlelwe kunxantathu (kubandakanywa neesetyhula kunye ne-triangular furnaces) kunye nezo zinee-electrodes ezihlelwe ngendlela echanekileyo (kubandakanywa neengqayi ze-rectangular kunye ne-elliptical). Imizekelo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya iifirnaces ezijikelezayo (ezifana neefurnaces ze-ferroalloy) kunye neziko ezixande (ezifana ne-matte smelting furnaces).
Xa kuthelekiswa neziko loxande, iziko elijikelezayo libonisa ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
1) I-electrode ezintathu zicwangciswe kunxantathu olinganayo, okukhokelela ekulinganisweni kwemilinganiselo yesigaba esithathu ({1}}ukumelana nokusebenza) kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla;
2) Ummandla wobushushu{1}ophezulu uxinanisene, uvumela indawo engundoqo yesithando somlilo (phakathi kwee-electrode ezintathu) ukufikelela kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu;
3) Ubushushu bodonga lwesithando somlilo{1}}indawo yokulahla umphezulu weyunithi nganye -icandelo ledama elityhidiweyo lincinci; oku akuncitshi ilahleko yobushushu kuphela kodwa kukwavumela amandla amade-amathuba okucima;
I-4) Umzimba wesithando somlilo unokujikelezwa ngomatshini ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kunye nokuhamba kwezinto eziphathekayo ngaphakathi kwesithando somlilo.
Xa kuthelekiswa neziko lesetyhula, iziko elixande libonisa ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
I-1) Isakhiwo sesithando somlilo silula, kwaye ukulungiswa kwezixhobo ezincedisayo ze-electromechanical (i-transformers, ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha oomatshini) kukulungele ngakumbi;
2) Bangakwazi ukufumana i-electrode ezintandathu, ngaloo ndlela bandise indawo yokunyibilikisa;
3) I-Electrodes ibeka izithintelo ezincinci ekuhambeni kwezinto, okwenza kube lula ukukhupha iigesi ezenziwe ngexesha lokunyibilika;
4) Umahluko wobushushu kwidama elityhidiweyo lincinci, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ubushushu obugqithisiweyo bungabikho.
Iziko ezixande zisetyenziselwa iinkqubo ezifana ne-matte smelting, imveliso ye-calcium carbide, kunye nokuveliswa kwe-ferromanganese. Uninzi lweziko le-ferroalloy zisetyhula; iziko ezijikelezayo zikwasetyenziswa kwishishini lokunyibilikisa elingeyiyo{1}}eyori, umzekelo, ekunyibilikiseni i-nickel oxide ore kunye ne-cobalt slag.
I-arc furnace ephantsi kwamanzi luhlobo lwesithando somlilo; eyona milinganiselo ibalulekileyo yeziko yileya yedama elinyibilikisiweyo{0}}ngokukodwa ubude, ububanzi (okanye ububanzi), nobunzulu balo. Ekubeni ezi ziko zixhomekeke ikakhulu kumbane wokufudumeza, ichibi elityhidiweyo ngokwethiyori lisebenza njengendawo esebenzayo yokuguqulwa kwamandla ombane abe bubushushu; ngenxa yoko, imilinganiselo yedama elinyibilikisiweyo idla ngokuphindaphindwa kwedayamitha ye-electrode.
Iziko ezixande zihlala zixhotyiswe ngophahla lwesithando somlilo kwaye zisebenza njengeeyunithi ezivaliweyo; imilinganiselo yazo ephambili ibandakanya ubude, ububanzi, nobunzulu bedama elinyibilikisiweyo, kwakunye nombindi-ukuya{1}}phakathi kwezithuba zee-electrode kunye nokuphakama kwegumbi leziko.