I-submerged arc furnaces (SAFs) iguqula amandla ombane abe bubushushu be-arc kunye nobushushu obunganyangekiyo kusetyenziswa i-electrode, ukufudumeza ngokuthe ngqo intsimbi ekrwada okanye imathiriyeli ekrwada yesinyithi ukuphumeza{0}}ukunyibilika kobushushu obuphezulu. Eli nqaku licalula amacandelo abo olwakhiwo, ingqiqo yokuguqula amandla, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemizi mveliso eqhelekileyo.
Amacandelo angundoqo oLwakhiwo
Ulwakhiwo olungundoqo lwe-SAF lumisela ukusebenza kakuhle koguqulo lwamandla kunye nozinzo, oluquka iiyunithi ezingundoqo ezintathu:
- Inkqubo ye-Electrode: Ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa i-electrode ye-graphite ukuqhuba okwangoku kwigumbi lesithando somlilo kunye nokuvelisa i-arc yombane.
- Ulwakhiwo lwesithando somlilo: Ibandakanya ulwakhiwo oluchasayo kunye negobolondo lentsimbi; kufuneka imelane namaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-1600℃.
- Isixokelelwano sokupholisa: Ikhusela izinto ezibalulekileyo-ezinje ngezibambi ze-electrode kunye neqokobhe lesithando somlilo{1}}ngokusebenzisa amanzi{2}}iisekethi zokupholisa.
- Isitshixo sokuYila: Umlinganiselo wobunzima be-lining ukuya kwi-diameter ye-electrode ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukufana kwentsimi ye-thermal.
Inkqubo yokuguqulwa kwamandla
Ikhonkco logqithiselo lwamandla, ukusuka kumbane ukuya ekunyibilikeni, libandakanya izigaba ezithathu:
- Iziguquli ziguqula-amandla egridi aphezulu abe ngasezantsi{1}}i-voltage, ephezulu{2}umbane wangoku olungele uzinzo lwe-arc.
- Iinkqubo zokulawula zilungelelanisa izikhundla ze-electrode ukugcina ubude be-arc obulungileyo phakathi kwee-electrode kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada.
- Ukumelana nokushisa kuveliswa njengoko okwangoku kudlula kwintlawulo yesithando somlilo; oku kudityaniswa nobushushu be-arc ukwenza umthombo wobushushu odibeneyo.
- Iiparamitha eziphambili: Umbane wesibini kunye noxinaniso lwangoku lwe-electrode lumisela iqondo lobushushu lechibi elinyibilikisiweyo.
Izicelo zoShishino eziqhelekileyo
Iimpawu zayo zokufudumeza kombane ngokuthe ngqo ziyenza ibaluleke kakhulu kwiindidi ezimbini zeemeko:
- Ukunyibilika kweMetal: ukuNcitshiswa kweempendulo kwiintsimbi ezilahlayo ezifana ne-ferroalloys kunye ne-silicomanganese alloys.
- Ukucutshungulwa kwezimbiwa:{0}}Ubushushu obuphezulu bokuchaphazeleka kwemichiza efana nokuchithwa kwelitye lephosphate okanye ukunyibilikiswa kwe-titanium slag.
- Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zombane ze-arc (EAFs), ii-SAFs zifaneleka ngakumbi ukusetyenzwa kwezixhobo eziluhlaza ezinomgubo kunye neenkqubo zokuphatha ezifuna ukugcinwa kobushushu ixesha elide.
IiNkqubo eziNcedisayo eziphambili
Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo, okuzinzileyo kuxhomekeke kukulungelelaniswa kweeyunithi ezintathu ezincedisayo:
- I-Electrode Regulator: I-Dynamically ihlawulela ukusetyenziswa kwe-electrode ukugcina ukuzinza kwe-arc.
- I-Temperature Monitoring System: Ibandakanya iipyrometers ze-infrared kunye{0}}neekhamera ze-oven ukujonga imeko yedama elinyibilikisiweyo.
- IYunithi yokuSusa uthuli: Iinkqubo{0}}zobushushu obuphezulu berhasi eyenziwe ngexesha lokunyibilikiswa.
- Inqaku lokhuseleko: Iigeyiji zobukhulu bodonga lweziko zibalulekile ekuthinteleni iingozi zokugqabhuka kweziko.
O&M Consumables System
Iindidi ezintathu zezinto ezisetyenziswayo zifuna ulawulo oluphambili ngexesha lemveliso yemihla ngemihla:
- Izixhobo zokulungisa iziko: iMagnesia{0}} okanye ikharbhon{1}esekelwe kwizithinteli ezisetyenziselwa ukulungisa iindonga eziye zadilika.
- Ii-agent zokulungisa i-Slag: Isetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa ubuninzi be-slag kunye nokukhusela umbane wesithando somlilo.
- Intlama ye-Electrode: Izinto eziqhubayo ezifuna ukuzaliswa ngamaxesha athile ngokuqhubekayo-ii-electrode zokubhaka.
- Indlela eyomeleleyo: Misela igophe lolungelelwaniso phakathi kobushushu be-electrode paste sintering kunye nomthwalo wangoku.